Por GERMÁN AYALA OSORIO
En los encuentros y desencuentros entre gobiernos y la Minga indígena sobresalen dos factores clave: el primero un factor étnico, y el segundo un factor discursivo, esto es, el valor de la palabra. El factor étnico juega un papel fundamental porque ha permitido ver, con inusitada frecuencia y fuerza, la animadversión que sienten los delegados, ministros, consejeros ministeriales y presidentes de la República hacia los indígenas, en particular hacia los Nasa.
A pesar de su animosidad contra el pueblo indígena, el entonces presidente Álvaro Uribe (2002-2010) se vio obligado a escuchar a la Minga. A ese elemento claramente generador de tensiones y diferencias se sumaron decisiones de política económica, como la firma de varios Tratados de Libre Comercio (TLC) y la aplicación de la política de seguridad democrática, vistas por los indígenas como “planes de muerte”. Hay que recordar que durante los 8 años de Uribe las relaciones con los Nasa fueron tensas y conflictivas. Y tampoco se puede olvidar que por injerencia directa de Uribe y de Fabio Valencia Cossio, se creó la OPIC, organización con la que buscaron romper la unidad y el mando del CRIC. Sin duda, una vulgar estratagema del régimen de Uribe.
Ahora le corresponde el turno a Iván Duque, quien ha dejado ver la ojeriza con la que examina las actuaciones de los líderes del pueblo ancestral, razón por la cual ha evitado reunirse con estos. Tanto Uribe como Duque y seguramente los subalternos del segundo, se sienten “blancos”, circunstancia de carácter étnico que los hace proclives a mirar por encima del hombro a los miembros del pueblo Nasa.
Foto tomada de Elespectador.com
Uribe y Duque hacen parte de una buena porción de la sociedad colombiana que niega el proceso de mestizaje y por ese camino, suelen instalarse en un lugar étnicamente privilegiado, desde el que miran con desprecio y desdén a los indígenas. Como hijos del proyecto de la euromodernidad, Duque y sus ministros o delegados se aprestan a dialogar con la Minga indígena. Eso sí, lo harán de manera obligada y desde el lugar favorecido que les da ser gobierno y en el que étnicamente ellos mismos suelen instalarse para desconocer las luchas y las demandas del pueblo ancestral.
Sobre el factor discursivo y el valor de la palabra hay que decir que las diferencias son abismales. El listado de incumplimientos, por ejemplo en temas de titulación de tierras recuperadas por los indígenas, y garantías de seguridad, entre otros asuntos, es grande y cubre a varios gobiernos centrales. Es decir, los Nasa saben que los funcionarios mienten y hacen que los indígenas ya no crean en promesas y en actas firmadas por subalternos y ministros, cuyo valor jurídico es casi nulo. Por ello, insisten en sentarse con Duque y no con una comitiva en la que los indígenas no creen.
La palabra empeñada para los indígenas tiene un valor inconmensurable, hecho que choca contra la práctica política de mentir y de timar, muy frecuente en los operadores políticos interesados más en evitar la movilización y el registro noticioso de la Minga, que en dar soluciones estructurales a las demandas de los indígenas.
Como parte del factor discursivo, el lugar desde el que suelen hablar los ministros se suma negativamente a las ya tensas relaciones Minga-Gobierno. Ejemplo de lo anterior es lo expresado por la anodina ministra del Interior, Alicia Arango (antigua secretaria privada de Uribe), quien señaló: “Es muy importante que Colombia sepa que esta minga no es una reivindicativa, es de carácter político porque el Gobierno ha hecho grandes esfuerzos por cumplir lo pactado durante esta administración y las anteriores”.
No sé cómo hace la señora Arango para separar el carácter político de las acciones reivindicativas de los pueblos indígenas. Sus luchas son políticas porque enfrentan al poder hegemónico. Las Mingas son una expresión política porque están soportadas en el ejercicio político de un pueblo que actúa desde la dimensión colectiva y comunitaria que Alicia Arango no alcanza a comprender, porque ella, como millones de colombianos, está instalada en el discurso individualista atado a la modernidad.
Si miramos en detalle lo consignado por la señora Arango, encontramos que su dicho está atado a la tradición y a la inercia con la que el Estado colombiano actúa cuando tiene que atender compromisos firmados y responder por lo prescrito en la Carta Política. Arango dice que el Gobierno ha hecho grandes esfuerzos por cumplir lo pactado. No ministra, no se trata de hacer esfuerzos. Cuando se firma un acuerdo, lo consignado allí, se tiene que cumplir, porque lo que está en juego es la legitimidad del Estado, a través de la palabra empeñada.
Y claro, dentro de este factor discursivo no podrían faltar los actos de habla de quienes siempre intentan deslegitimar las acciones colectivas de los indígenas, señalando que la Minga está “infiltrada por el ELN y las disidencias de las Farc”. Ante la presión política que genera la movilización de más de 7 mil indígenas hacia la capital del país, el gobierno de Duque usa la inteligencia del Estado para estigmatizar a un movimiento pacífico, étnicamente localizado y aferrado a su propia ancestralidad.
Esperemos que Duque Márquez por fin actúe como Jefe de Estado y no como simple operador político de los intereses y de los actores que desde la legalidad y la ilegalidad vienen atacando al pueblo Nasa. Tiene que entender el huésped de la Casa de Nariño que los indígenas están y viven en resistencia. Como Jefe de Estado está obligado a dialogar con la Minga. Para hacerlo, debe entender que él forma parte del largo proceso de mestizaje al que pertenece la mayoría de los colombianos y reconocer que tiene genes indígenas y afros. Duque, bájese de esa nube: usted no es ario.
About Post Author
What’s up colleagues, pleasant paragraph and fastidious urging commented at this place, I am really enjoying by these.|
This excellent website really has all of the info I wanted about this subject and didnít know who to ask.
I could not refrain from commenting. Well written!
Hello there! This blog post could not be written any better! Reading through this post reminds me of my previous roommate! He always kept preaching about this. I will forward this post to him. Fairly certain he’ll have a good read. I appreciate you for sharing!
That is the precise weblog for anyone who needs to search out out about this topic. You understand so much its almost laborious to argue with you (not that I truly would want…HaHa). You positively put a brand new spin on a subject thats been written about for years. Nice stuff, simply nice!
Nice blog right here! Also your web site quite a bit up fast! What web host are you the use of? Can I am getting your affiliate link on your host? I desire my web site loaded up as fast as yours lol
I absolutely love your website.. Pleasant colors & theme. Did you make this website yourself? Please reply back as Iím hoping to create my own personal blog and would like to know where you got this from or what the theme is called. Thank you!
Thank you for some other informative blog. The place else may just I get that kind of info written in such a perfect approach? I have a venture that I’m just now running on, and I’ve been on the glance out for such information.|
Great information. Lucky me I ran across your site by accident (stumbleupon). I have saved as a favorite for later!
bookmarked!!, I like your site!
Hello, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and i was just curious if you get a lot of spam responses? If so how do you reduce it, any plugin or anything you can advise? I get so much lately it’s driving me crazy so any support is very much appreciated.|
Iím amazed, I must say. Seldom do I come across a blog thatís equally educative and engaging, and let me tell you, you have hit the nail on the head. The problem is something which not enough folks are speaking intelligently about. Now i’m very happy that I found this during my hunt for something concerning this.
Seriously. Most likely so good that you’re so good right now. Your help woke us up. Thank you extremely much.
Hello to all, it’s truly a good for me to pay a quick visit this site, it contains useful Information.|
Good info. Lucky me I ran across your website by chance (stumbleupon). I’ve book marked it for later!
There’s definately a great deal to learn about this topic. I love all of the points you’ve made.
Hey I am so happy I found your webpage, I really found you by accident, while I was researching on Aol for something else, Anyhow I am here now and would just like to say thanks for a fantastic post and a all round entertaining blog (I also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to browse it all at the moment but I have saved it and also included your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to read a great deal more, Please do keep up the awesome b.|
May I simply say what a comfort to find an individual who actually understands what they are discussing on the internet. You actually realize how to bring an issue to light and make it important. More and more people must read this and understand this side of your story. I was surprised that you aren’t more popular because you surely have the gift.|
Everything is very open with a really clear description of the challenges. It was truly informative. Your site is useful. Thank you for sharing!
Thanks a lot for sharing this with all of us you really realize what you are talking approximately! Bookmarked. Please also consult with my site =). We may have a link exchange contract between us|
I do not know whether it’s just me or if everybody else experiencing issues with your site. It seems like some of the text on your posts are running off the screen. Can somebody else please provide feedback and let me know if this is happening to them as well? This may be a issue with my internet browser because I’ve had this happen before. Appreciate it|
Hey There. I found your blog using msn. This is a very well written article. I’ll make sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful information. Thanks for the post. I will certainly return.
May I simply just say what a comfort to uncover someone who really knows what they’re talking about online. You actually realize how to bring an issue to light and make it important. More and more people must check this out and understand this side of your story. I can’t believe you aren’t more popular since you certainly possess the gift.
Today, I went to the beach with my children. I found a sea shell and gave it to my 4 year old daughter and said “You can hear the ocean if you put this to your ear.” She put the shell to her ear and screamed. There was a hermit crab inside and it pinched her ear. She never wants to go back! LoL I know this is totally off topic but I had to tell someone!
Good post. I am going through a few of these issues as well..
Do you have a spam issue on this website; I also am a blogger, and I was wanting to know your situation; many of us have created some nice procedures and we are looking to trade solutions with other folks, be sure to shoot me an e-mail if interested.
Hi there! This blog post couldnít be written any better! Going through this post reminds me of my previous roommate! He constantly kept talking about this. I’ll send this post to him. Fairly certain he’ll have a good read. I appreciate you for sharing!
Hello, i believe that i saw you visited my weblog so i got here to “return the desire”.I am attempting to to find issues to enhance my site!I suppose its adequate to use some of your ideas!!
I like looking through an article that can make people think. Also, thanks for allowing me to comment!
Your style is unique compared to other people I’ve read stuff from. Many thanks for posting when you have the opportunity, Guess I’ll just book mark this blog.
Hello there! This blog post could not be written any better! Looking through this post reminds me of my previous roommate! He continually kept preaching about this. I will send this post to him. Pretty sure he will have a great read. Thanks for sharing!
I’m not sure where you are getting your information, but great topic. I needs to spend some time learning more or understanding more. Thanks for great information I was looking for this information for my mission.
bookmarked!!, I really like your site!
This is the right webpage for everyone who wants to find out about this topic. You understand a whole lot its almost tough to argue with you (not that I actually would want toÖHaHa). You certainly put a new spin on a topic that’s been written about for many years. Excellent stuff, just excellent!
Valuable information. Lucky me I discovered your web site accidentally, and I am shocked why this accident didn’t came about earlier! I bookmarked it.|
You have brought up a very excellent points , appreciate it for the post.
Excellent post. I absolutely love this site. Continue the good work!
I enjoy looking through an article that can make men and women think. Also, many thanks for allowing for me to comment!
After research a few of the blog posts in your web site now, and I actually like your means of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark website listing and might be checking back soon. Pls check out my web site as effectively and let me know what you think.
Oh my goodness! Awesome article dude! Thank you, However I am encountering difficulties with your RSS. I donít understand why I can’t subscribe to it. Is there anybody having identical RSS problems? Anyone that knows the answer will you kindly respond? Thanks!!
Actually no matter if someone doesn’t know afterward its up to other viewers that they will help, so here it takes place.|
Valuable info. Lucky me I found your site by accident, and I’m shocked why this accident did not happened earlier! I bookmarked it.
I do love the way you have presented this particular concern and it does offer us some fodder for thought. On the other hand, from what precisely I have personally seen, I basically wish as other feedback pile on that men and women stay on point and in no way embark upon a soap box regarding the news of the day. Anyway, thank you for this excellent point and whilst I can not go along with the idea in totality, I respect your viewpoint.
An impressive share! I’ve just forwarded this onto a friend who had been doing a little homework on this. And he in fact ordered me breakfast due to the fact that I stumbled upon it for him… lol. So allow me to reword this…. Thank YOU for the meal!! But yeah, thanx for spending time to talk about this issue here on your site.
Oh my goodness! Incredible article dude! Many thanks, However I am experiencing troubles with your RSS. I donít know the reason why I am unable to join it. Is there anyone else getting similar RSS problems? Anyone that knows the answer can you kindly respond? Thanks!!
It’s perfect time to make some plans for the long run and it is time to be happy. I’ve read this post and if I may I want to recommend you few interesting issues or advice. Maybe you could write subsequent articles regarding this article. I desire to read more issues about it!
hello there and thank you for your info – I’ve definitely picked up anything new from right here. I did however expertise some technical issues using this website, as I experienced to reload the site many times previous to I could get it to load properly. I had been wondering if your hosting is OK? Not that I am complaining, but sluggish loading instances times will often affect your placement in google and can damage your quality score if ads and marketing with Adwords. Well I am adding this RSS to my e-mail and can look out for a lot more of your respective fascinating content. Make sure you update this again very soon..
I have recently started a site, the information you offer on this web site has helped me tremendously. Thank you for all of your time & work.
Hi, i think that i saw you visited my weblog so i came to “return the favor”.I am attempting to find things to enhance my site!I suppose its ok to use some of your ideas!!
There’s noticeably a bundle to learn about this. I assume you made sure good points in options also.
It’s really a nice and useful piece of information. I’m glad that you shared this useful information with us. Please keep us informed like this. Thanks for sharing.
You’ve made some really good points there. I looked on the internet to find out more about the issue and found most individuals will go along with your views on this web site.
Hi, I do believe this is a great site. I stumbledupon it 😉 I’m going to revisit once again since I bookmarked it. Money and freedom is the greatest way to change, may you be rich and continue to help other people.
I like this web blog so much, saved to fav. “Nostalgia isn’t what it used to be.” by Peter De Vries.
Your style is really unique in comparison to other people I have read stuff from. I appreciate you for posting when you’ve got the opportunity, Guess I will just book mark this web site.
Way cool! Some extremely valid points! I appreciate you penning this post and also the rest of the site is extremely good.